Mauritius background
history begins in 1507 when the Mauritius Island was discovered by the
Portuguese Pedro Mascarenhas. Till then, it was still uninhabited but
then, in 1598, the van Warwick admiral occupied the island which became
Dutch colony and stand so till 1710, having the name of the Orania
Mauriciu principle. Between 1715 and 1810 the island becomes French
colony-Ile de France and serves as an important hop in the way to Ceylon
and India. The Mauritius background history continues in 1810 with its
occupation by the Great Britain and becomes, as the result of the Paris
Treaty from 1814 English possession (renamed Mauritius). In 1810, on
August 19 and 20 was the French naval battle of Grant Port ended with a
victory, the only one in fact but in December 1810, the British captured
Mauritius,
with
commodore Josias Rowley as leader. The island’s
possession was confirmed in 1814 by the Paris
Treaty. The Napoleonic law code and the French
institutions were maintained while the French
language was also used. The governor Robert Townsend
Farquhar is the one with which the British
administration begun. The economic and social
changes followed immediately.
A very
important even of the Mauritius background history
was the slavery abolition, in February 1st, 1835.
The people owning plantations got 2 million pounds
sterling compensations for the salves loss. After
the slavery abolition, on the sugar cane plantations
are brought workers from China and India.
At March
12, 1968, Mauritius declares its state freedom as
dominion in Commonwealth and on March 12, 1992 it
becomes republic.
As
result of the political stability, despite the
internal life on ethno-confessional or historic
communities, the country’s economy registered a
continue progress, due to which, Mauritius is
considered ‘the unique new industrialised state’ of
the African continent.
The Cassam Uteem
president is also part of the Mauritius background
history. He was elected in 1992 and then in 1997 and
promoted politics of economy reorganization aiming
at the industrial active branches diversification
and the tourism’s stimulation. The legislative
elections that took place in 2000 on September 11
were won by opposition, the alliance between MMM
(the Mauritian Militant Movement) and the MSM (the
Mauritian Socialist Movement). Sir Anerood Jugnauth,
member of MMM, ex-premier in the 1982 and 1995
period becomes the chief of the government and Paul
Berenger, president of MSM, vice-premier, becoming
prime-minister three years later. The agreement was
respected and Paul Berenger becomes the first
prime-minister from the entire Mauritius background
history that is not from India. The government
continued the politics of high tech sector
development in economy.
In 2000, the coalition between Paul
Berenger and Anerood Jugnauth was back on power with the new
elections, with Anerood as prime-minister. After 3 years he
retired assuming the president’s office and Paul Berenger
filled the post of prime-minister. The 2005 elections were
won by the Alliance Social coalition, Anerood remained
president and Navin Ramgoolam prime-minister. Five years
later, the general elections were won by L’Alliance de
l’Avenir coalition with Navin as prime-minister.
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